The concept of perceu - Abstract. This article develops a theory of peace as freedom that explains some important relationships between peace and development. It does this by critically examining and then synthesizing ...

 
Democratic peace theory. French President Charles de Gaulle shaking hands with West German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer in Bonn, in 1963. Proponents of "democratic peace theory" argue that both liberal and republican forms of democracy are hesitant to engage in armed conflict with other identified democracies. Different advocates of this theory ... . Fands radiology

The paper examines ontological presuppositions and epistemological branches of Peace and Conflict Studies. It describes the narrower use of the concepts ‗ontology‘ and ‗epistemology‘ as sub-branch and branch of philosophy respectively and later focus on their meanings in the context of particular areas of inquiry. Yet there are aspects of Plato’s work, based upon the teaching of Socrates, which may constitute such a source. Within his major work Politeia (Republic), Plato focuses on what makes for justice, an important element in any broad concept of peace. Plato, in effect, presents a peace plan based upon his city-state. The concept of peace by John Macquarrie, 1973, S. C. M. Press edition, in EnglishApr 17, 2023 · This secondary data base research, elucidates the concept of peace and ways to attain peace in a violence based world. Discover the world's research. 25+ million members; Question 1: What is the importance of peace? Answer 1: Peace is the way that helps us prevent inequity and violence. It is no less than a golden ticket to enter a new and bright future for mankind. Moreover, everyone plays an essential role in this so that everybody can get a more equal and peaceful world.The two most significant institutions that influence children’s concept of love and hate are family and school. The constructive relationship among students can be enhanced by a co-operative learning environment, conflict resolution techniques, and dispute management cells in schools that would help them to live in a peaceful world [14]. The concept of peace by John Macquarrie, 1973, S. C. M. Press edition, in EnglishAccording to Kanti Bajpai, the concept of peace can be defined on the basis of another three different perspectives. “Firstly, peace as the mere absence of war, that is a hegemonic of deterrent peace, secondly peace as functional and economic interaction, what could be called a transactional peace and peace as a social condition in which accommodation rather than force mediate change ...The current African stature for peace is to strive for unity, self-determination, freedom, progress and collective prosperity pursued under Pan-Africanism and African Renaissance. 80 Successive African leaders worked hard to ensure they come up with an acceptable concept of peace, for the African people.Pax Romana. The Pax Romana ( Latin for "Roman peace") is a roughly 200-year-long timespan of Roman history which is identified as a period and golden age of increased and sustained Roman imperialism, relative peace and order, prosperous stability, hegemonial power, and regional expansion. This is despite several revolts and wars, and continuing ... Read on and spread the message: peace matters (more than ever). Why is peace so important today? Peace is the answer (and has always been) The importance of world peace. 1) Differences. 2) World development. 3) Education. Peace benefits in a country. No equity, no peace.Jul 28, 2019 · Peace is a popular word a variety of people use in various ways. One everyday use is to represent the absence of war or conflict. For example, when warring countries sign a treaty and are at peace, or when quarreling friends make up and are at peace with each other. Peace also refers to rest. The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines peace as ... Dec 7, 2008 · This article introduces the concept of diplomatic peace. It starts by developing a heuristic frame for identifying understandings of peace embraced by the actors we study. This frame encompasses ... May 1, 2008 · 5. This paper does not claim to cover or explain IR theory comprehensively — it is already perhaps over ambitious — or to move beyond its western corpus (as it probably should) but it endeavours to be particularly sensitive to the claims of IR theory about the pros and cons of even having a debate about peace. 6. 6. Question 1: What is the importance of peace? Answer 1: Peace is the way that helps us prevent inequity and violence. It is no less than a golden ticket to enter a new and bright future for mankind. Moreover, everyone plays an essential role in this so that everybody can get a more equal and peaceful world.Apr 17, 2023 · This secondary data base research, elucidates the concept of peace and ways to attain peace in a violence based world. Discover the world's research. 25+ million members; A dichotomous negative and positive peace framework is perhaps the most widely used today. Negative peace refers to the absence of direct violence. Positive peace refers to the absence of indirect and structural violence, and is the concept that most peace and conflict researchers adopt. The basic distinction between positive and negative peace ...perçu translate: received. Learn more in the Cambridge French-English Dictionary. This secondary data base research, elucidates the concept of peace and ways to attain peace in a violence based world. Discover the world's research. 25+ million members;Western concepts of peace originate in 1) the Ancient Judaism concept of shalom, 2) the Greek concept of eirene, and 3) the Roman concept of pax. Here the most common elements are prosperity and order where order refers primarily to rule of law. The Easter concepts of peace emphasize order and tranquility of mind. Overview. Perseus, son of Zeus and the Argive princess Danae, was a Greek hero and king connected with the Argolid. Perseus’ numerous exploits included beheading Medusa, saving the princess Andromeda, and founding the city of Mycenae and the Perseid dynasty. Banished from Argos before he was born (due to an ominous prophecy), Perseus grew up ...1- Peace in the sense of peace. 2- Peace in the sense of negative or positive neutrality. In Latin, the word peace means non-danger and the cradle of elevation. Peace in the terminology does not deviate from the linguistic meaning, as the concept of peace from negative peace (meaning the absence of war, conflicts and conflicts) has expanded to ...This article explores the African religious, cultural and philosophical dimensions of peace, conflict and conflict transformation. It seeks to examine African traditional religious and philosophical ideas as resources for the promotion of peace and justice and their implications for intra-state and inter-state conflict resolution activities. A concept closely related to peace and violence is human security, which recognises the interrelation between violence and deprivation of all kinds. It concerns the protection of individuals and communities from both the direct threat of physical violence and the indirect threats that result from poverty and other forms of social, economic or ... 5. This paper does not claim to cover or explain IR theory comprehensively — it is already perhaps over ambitious — or to move beyond its western corpus (as it probably should) but it endeavours to be particularly sensitive to the claims of IR theory about the pros and cons of even having a debate about peace. 6. 6.The same factors that create lasting peace also lead to many other positive outcomes that societies aspire to, including: thriving economies. better performance on ecological measures. high levels ...CONCEPT OF PEACE It is well known that human beings pay much interest in peace from the ancient time until now. Because the word ―peace‖, apart from being a pleasant word, also refers to the peaceful society and the beautiful world. It can be stated that peace is the greatest and highest goal or hope -The concept of suffering plays a major role in peacemaking criminology. The theory draws from Tibetan Buddhist master Rinpoche Kalu's principles to determine the causes of human suffering. According to the master, suffering is a result of six emotions: desire, anger, greed, jealousy, pride, and ignorance.Concept of Peace Education: Peace education is the process of acquiring the values, the knowledge and developing the attitudes, skills, and behaviors to live in harmony with oneself, withApr 30, 2016 · concept of peace goes beyond the human domain. Peace is a pervasive and sustained concern in moral life. The long blessings that are given daily by Oromo elders According to Kanti Bajpai, the concept of peace can be defined on the basis of another three different perspectives. “Firstly, peace as the mere absence of war, that is a hegemonic of deterrent peace, secondly peace as functional and economic interaction, what could be called a transactional peace and peace as a social condition in which accommodation rather than force mediate change ...The concept of peace by John Macquarrie, 1973, S. C. M. Press edition, in English1- Peace in the sense of peace. 2- Peace in the sense of negative or positive neutrality. In Latin, the word peace means non-danger and the cradle of elevation. Peace in the terminology does not deviate from the linguistic meaning, as the concept of peace from negative peace (meaning the absence of war, conflicts and conflicts) has expanded to ...The paper examines ontological presuppositions and epistemological branches of Peace and Conflict Studies. It describes the narrower use of the concepts ‗ontology‘ and ‗epistemology‘ as sub-branch and branch of philosophy respectively and later focus on their meanings in the context of particular areas of inquiry. Positive peace. – defined by a more lasting peace that is built on sustainable investments in economic development and institutions as well as societal attitudes that foster peace. - can be used to gauge the resilience of a society, or its ability to absorb shocks without falling or relapsing into conflict. Positive Peace opposes what is ... Historical background. Peace and conflict studies is both a pedagogical activity, in which teachers transmit knowledge to students; and a research activity, in which researchers create new knowledge about the sources of conflict. Peace and conflict studies entails understanding the concept of peace which is defined as political condition that ...UNDERSTANDING PEACE Peace as absence of violence is called the traditional notion of peace. Later the definition of peace has been extended to include human rights, equality between men and women, social justice and ecological balance which is now considered as positive peace. Therefore, we understand peace as the followings; Absence of war and ...Jul 3, 2023 · Overview. Perseus, son of Zeus and the Argive princess Danae, was a Greek hero and king connected with the Argolid. Perseus’ numerous exploits included beheading Medusa, saving the princess Andromeda, and founding the city of Mycenae and the Perseid dynasty. Banished from Argos before he was born (due to an ominous prophecy), Perseus grew up ... Reading, MA: Perseus Books. [This book presents complex perspectives on the impact of media violence.] Boulding, E. (2000) Cultures of Peace: The Hidden Side of History. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press. [This book describes utopian efforts to create peaceful communities and families.] Bowers, C. A. (1993).Question 1: What is the importance of peace? Answer 1: Peace is the way that helps us prevent inequity and violence. It is no less than a golden ticket to enter a new and bright future for mankind. Moreover, everyone plays an essential role in this so that everybody can get a more equal and peaceful world. The expansion of the concept of peace education has been reflected more recently in the culture of peace programs of the United Nations. The rationale behind the culture of peace movement is that peace involves more than governmental action; it is a civil and cultural process, encompassing all sectors of society.May 1, 2008 · 5. This paper does not claim to cover or explain IR theory comprehensively — it is already perhaps over ambitious — or to move beyond its western corpus (as it probably should) but it endeavours to be particularly sensitive to the claims of IR theory about the pros and cons of even having a debate about peace. 6. 6. A deep irony underlies the concept of peace in these three great Western religious systems. Christianity, for example, gave rise to one of the great warrior traditions in the world, yet it is unique among Western religions in the degree to which it was founded upon a message of peace, love, and nonviolence. Abstract. "Peace" means many things to many people. Ranging from the mere "absence of war" to a condition of stable group cooperation to a feeling of individual tranquility, peace performs a great ...The Gada system is an indigenous institution that pervades every aspect of an Oromo life including personal, interpersonal, social, economic and political life. The Oromo concept of peace is comprehensive and broader than western conception of absence of violence. It covers both negative and positive peace, intra-personal peace, interpersonal ..."The biblical concept of peace… rests heavily on the Hebrew root "sh-l-m", which means to be complete or to be sound. The verb conveys both a dynamic and a static meaning—to be complete or whole or to live well. The noun had many nuances, but can be grouped into four categories: (1) shalom as wholeness of life or body (i.e., health);1.2 Understanding the Concept of Peace 1.2.1 Peace Traditions 1.2.2 Peace Movements 1.2.3 Peace-building 1.2.4 Peace-building Approaches 1.2.5 Conflict Transformation 1.3 State and Civil Society as Instruments of Peace 1.4 Gandhi as an Ambassador of Peace 1.4.1 Gandhi’s twin-principles of Peace: Truth and Non-violence 1.4.2 Truth 1.4.3 Non ... ABSTRACT. This article explores the African religious, cultural and philosophical dimensions of peace, conflict and conflict transformation. It seeks to examine African traditional religious and philosophical ideas as resources for the promotion of peace and justice and their implications for intra-state and inter-state conflict resolution activities. The concept of peace is more clearly understood in comparison with the concept of violence. Direct violence, the popularly understood meaning of violence, is referred to physical injuries and the infliction of pain that is caused by a specific person. Structural violence is apparent in social systems maintained by exploitative means throughout ... The expansion of the concept of peace education has been reflected more recently in the culture of peace programs of the United Nations. The rationale behind the culture of peace movement is that peace involves more than governmental action; it is a civil and cultural process, encompassing all sectors of society.meaning of these concepts as well as their implementation. While the concept of peace focuses on the state of international relations, the concept of security is concerned with the condition of the actors in international politics. Historically, security has been seen as a core value and ultimate goal of state behavior. Question 1: What is the importance of peace? Answer 1: Peace is the way that helps us prevent inequity and violence. It is no less than a golden ticket to enter a new and bright future for mankind. Moreover, everyone plays an essential role in this so that everybody can get a more equal and peaceful world. 4. The concept of peace in the Gadaa system. Peace in the Gadaa system is entirely different from the concept of peace in modern democracy and politics. The concept of peace in the Oromo people context is beyond human wellbeing (Guyo, Citation 2009). This notion is embedded in the Oromo worldview that peace is not complete unless a harmonious ...Mar 1, 2022 · Here are some important benefits of Peace in Islam: Peace is a mental peace without disturbing thoughts. Peace is dedicated our lives to prayer or spirituality. Peace is to embrace feelings rather than ignoring. Peace is recognizing our control over our moods. Peace is taking responsibility for your reactions. 3.2 CONCEPTS AND UNDERLYING PRINCIPLES Table 3.1 presents concepts of peace, loosely organized according to whether the concept is integrated within a cultural-religious system, or a secular, cross-cultural concept (which is empirical, abstract, or normative). 6 Not all concepts of peace or variations of those shown can be tabled, 7 but I believe the major ones are included. 8Overview. Perseus, son of Zeus and the Argive princess Danae, was a Greek hero and king connected with the Argolid. Perseus’ numerous exploits included beheading Medusa, saving the princess Andromeda, and founding the city of Mycenae and the Perseid dynasty. Banished from Argos before he was born (due to an ominous prophecy), Perseus grew up ...The seemingly indefinable notion of love is an important agent in much of Mythology, the source for many rewards, punishments, motivations, and deceptions. The myths treat love in a way that is different from most of our modern-day ideas of love. In creation myths, love is described as a force, and it is out of love that Earth arises.Perseus, in Greek mythology, the slayer of the Gorgon Medusa and the rescuer of Andromeda from a sea monster. Perseus was the son of Zeus and Danaë, the daughter of Acrisius of Argos. As an infant he was cast into the sea in a chest with his mother by Acrisius, to whom it had been prophesied that he would be killed by his grandson. Concepts of peace should be a cornerstone of IR interdisciplinary investigation of international politics and everyday life. This is a perspective that can be described as “eirenist” (Richmond 2009 , 2012 ), which stems from a subaltern positionality, when looking up at power structures and power relations, which helps to formulate new ...Jun 1, 2017 · Hisham Soliman 'Toward an Islamic Concept of Peace' in "The Potential for Peacebuilding in Islam"Volume 2. Issue 2, Spring 2009 A Study of World's Major Religions" Goodword Books Question 1: What is the importance of peace? Answer 1: Peace is the way that helps us prevent inequity and violence. It is no less than a golden ticket to enter a new and bright future for mankind. Moreover, everyone plays an essential role in this so that everybody can get a more equal and peaceful world. May 1, 2008 · 5. This paper does not claim to cover or explain IR theory comprehensively — it is already perhaps over ambitious — or to move beyond its western corpus (as it probably should) but it endeavours to be particularly sensitive to the claims of IR theory about the pros and cons of even having a debate about peace. 6. 6. 4. The concept of peace in the Gadaa system. Peace in the Gadaa system is entirely different from the concept of peace in modern democracy and politics. The concept of peace in the Oromo people context is beyond human wellbeing (Guyo, Citation 2009). This notion is embedded in the Oromo worldview that peace is not complete unless a harmonious ...Positive peace. – defined by a more lasting peace that is built on sustainable investments in economic development and institutions as well as societal attitudes that foster peace. - can be used to gauge the resilience of a society, or its ability to absorb shocks without falling or relapsing into conflict. Positive Peace opposes what is ... Apr 30, 2016 · concept of peace goes beyond the human domain. Peace is a pervasive and sustained concern in moral life. The long blessings that are given daily by Oromo elders The paper examines ontological presuppositions and epistemological branches of Peace and Conflict Studies. It describes the narrower use of the concepts ‗ontology‘ and ‗epistemology‘ as sub-branch and branch of philosophy respectively and later focus on their meanings in the context of particular areas of inquiry. It depicts the concept of peace expressed in the blessing of Aaron found in Numbers 6:24, wherein it sums up all other blessings and is closely associated with the presence of God. Peace is the result of God’s presence in a person’s life as God is the source of peace (Psalm 85:8)."The biblical concept of peace… rests heavily on the Hebrew root "sh-l-m", which means to be complete or to be sound. The verb conveys both a dynamic and a static meaning—to be complete or whole or to live well. The noun had many nuances, but can be grouped into four categories: (1) shalom as wholeness of life or body (i.e., health);The seemingly indefinable notion of love is an important agent in much of Mythology, the source for many rewards, punishments, motivations, and deceptions. The myths treat love in a way that is different from most of our modern-day ideas of love. In creation myths, love is described as a force, and it is out of love that Earth arises.concept of peace goes beyond the human domain. Peace is a pervasive and sustained concern in moral life. The long blessings that are given daily by Oromo eldersAug 27, 2018 · One can make a peace treaty; shalom is the condition of peace. Peace can be negative, the absence of commotion. Shalom is positive, the presence of serenity. Peace can be partial; shalom is whole. Peace can be piecemeal; shalom is complete. The mystical writings of the Zohar teach that God is peace, His name is peace and all is bound together ... The Concept of Peace 1.1. Positive Peace and Negative Peace Peace is defined as ‘a political condition that ensures justice and social stability through formal and informal institutions, practices and norms’ Miller and King (2003). Peace is not just the absence of violence, it is much more. Peace is best understood through the concepts of ... 3.2 CONCEPTS AND UNDERLYING PRINCIPLES Table 3.1 presents concepts of peace, loosely organized according to whether the concept is integrated within a cultural-religious system, or a secular, cross-cultural concept (which is empirical, abstract, or normative). 6 Not all concepts of peace or variations of those shown can be tabled, 7 but I believe the major ones are included. 8 Abstract. This article develops a theory of peace as freedom that explains some important relationships between peace and development. It does this by critically examining and then synthesizing ...Peace Journalism Elements. 1. PJ is proactive, examining the causes of conflict, and leading discussions about solutions. 2. PJ looks to unite parties, rather than divide them, and eschews oversimplified “us vs. them” and “good guy vs. bad guy” reporting. 3. Peace reporters reject official propaganda, and instead seek facts from all ...Pax Romana. The Pax Romana ( Latin for "Roman peace") is a roughly 200-year-long timespan of Roman history which is identified as a period and golden age of increased and sustained Roman imperialism, relative peace and order, prosperous stability, hegemonial power, and regional expansion. This is despite several revolts and wars, and continuing ...concept of peace. To overcome this limitation Ibeanu (2006) thus defined peace as a “process . involving activities that are directly or indirectly linked to increasing development and redu cing .1- Peace in the sense of peace. 2- Peace in the sense of negative or positive neutrality. In Latin, the word peace means non-danger and the cradle of elevation. Peace in the terminology does not deviate from the linguistic meaning, as the concept of peace from negative peace (meaning the absence of war, conflicts and conflicts) has expanded to ...meaning of these concepts as well as their implementation. While the concept of peace focuses on the state of international relations, the concept of security is concerned with the condition of the actors in international politics. Historically, security has been seen as a core value and ultimate goal of state behavior.ABSTRACT. This article explores the African religious, cultural and philosophical dimensions of peace, conflict and conflict transformation. It seeks to examine African traditional religious and philosophical ideas as resources for the promotion of peace and justice and their implications for intra-state and inter-state conflict resolution activities.Historical background. Peace and conflict studies is both a pedagogical activity, in which teachers transmit knowledge to students; and a research activity, in which researchers create new knowledge about the sources of conflict. Peace and conflict studies entails understanding the concept of peace which is defined as political condition that ... A dichotomous negative and positive peace framework is perhaps the most widely used today. Negative peace refers to the absence of direct violence. Positive peace refers to the absence of indirect and structural violence, and is the concept that most peace and conflict researchers adopt. The basic distinction between positive and negative peace ... The seemingly indefinable notion of love is an important agent in much of Mythology, the source for many rewards, punishments, motivations, and deceptions. The myths treat love in a way that is different from most of our modern-day ideas of love. In creation myths, love is described as a force, and it is out of love that Earth arises.

Positive Peace is defined as the attitudes, institutions and structures that create and sustain peaceful societies. It provides a framework to understand and then address the multiple and complex challenges the world faces. Positive Peace is transformational in that it is a cross-cutting factor for progress, making it easier for businesses to .... 1964 gto for sale under dollar10000

the concept of perceu

This question appears to have been settled in favour of the liberal peace. This comprises a victor’s peace aimed at security, an institutional peace to provide international governance and guarantees, a constitutional peace to ensure democracy and free trade, and a civil peace to ensure freedom and rights. 2 Though the concept of peace is ...The concept of democratic peace must be distinguished from the claim that democracies are in general more peaceful than nondemocratic countries. Whereas the latter claim is controversial, the claim that democratic states do not fight each other is widely regarded as true by scholars and practitioners of international relations. Of course, shalom also denotes the opposite of war, as in “a time for war, and a time for peace” (Ecclesiastes 3:8), for the absence of war, too, suggests an orderly, prosperous, and tranquil state of affairs.Question 1: What is the importance of peace? Answer 1: Peace is the way that helps us prevent inequity and violence. It is no less than a golden ticket to enter a new and bright future for mankind. Moreover, everyone plays an essential role in this so that everybody can get a more equal and peaceful world.A concept closely related to peace and violence is human security, which recognises the interrelation between violence and deprivation of all kinds. It concerns the protection of individuals and communities from both the direct threat of physical violence and the indirect threats that result from poverty and other forms of social, economic or ... ABSTRACT. This article explores the African religious, cultural and philosophical dimensions of peace, conflict and conflict transformation. It seeks to examine African traditional religious and philosophical ideas as resources for the promotion of peace and justice and their implications for intra-state and inter-state conflict resolution activities.The concept of education of peace means the subject which includes the planning of developing the skill of a person, group, or student. Basically, this concept works in an education system i.e. school where the major behavioral changes take place in the children and also teach them peace education which is helpful for maintaining the ...(1967: 12) describes it as an “umbrella concept”. To him, it is a state of mind felt as a consequence of the actualization of certain stated human desires. That is, it is a feeling of internal serenity as a result of external stability. Galtung (1967) also describes peace as touching the concept of law and order. That is, anAug 27, 2018 · One can make a peace treaty; shalom is the condition of peace. Peace can be negative, the absence of commotion. Shalom is positive, the presence of serenity. Peace can be partial; shalom is whole. Peace can be piecemeal; shalom is complete. The mystical writings of the Zohar teach that God is peace, His name is peace and all is bound together ... The two most significant institutions that influence children’s concept of love and hate are family and school. The constructive relationship among students can be enhanced by a co-operative learning environment, conflict resolution techniques, and dispute management cells in schools that would help them to live in a peaceful world [14]. A deep irony underlies the concept of peace in these three great Western religious systems. Christianity, for example, gave rise to one of the great warrior traditions in the world, yet it is unique among Western religions in the degree to which it was founded upon a message of peace, love, and nonviolence.Question 1: What is the importance of peace? Answer 1: Peace is the way that helps us prevent inequity and violence. It is no less than a golden ticket to enter a new and bright future for mankind. Moreover, everyone plays an essential role in this so that everybody can get a more equal and peaceful world.3.2 CONCEPTS AND UNDERLYING PRINCIPLES Table 3.1 presents concepts of peace, loosely organized according to whether the concept is integrated within a cultural-religious system, or a secular, cross-cultural concept (which is empirical, abstract, or normative). 6 Not all concepts of peace or variations of those shown can be tabled, 7 but I believe the major ones are included. 8ABSTRACT. This article explores the African religious, cultural and philosophical dimensions of peace, conflict and conflict transformation. It seeks to examine African traditional religious and philosophical ideas as resources for the promotion of peace and justice and their implications for intra-state and inter-state conflict resolution activities.Peace education is the process of acquiring values, knowledge, attitudes, skills, and behaviors to live in harmony with oneself, others, and the natural environment . There are numerous United Nations declarations and resolutions on the importance of peace. [1]Plato 's theory of soul, which was inspired by the teachings of Socrates, considered the psyche ( Ancient Greek: ψῡχή, romanized : psūkhḗ, lit. 'breath') to be the essence of a person, being that which decides how people behave. Plato considered this essence to be an incorporeal, eternal occupant of a person's being.Jun 1, 2017 · Hisham Soliman 'Toward an Islamic Concept of Peace' in "The Potential for Peacebuilding in Islam"Volume 2. Issue 2, Spring 2009 A Study of World's Major Religions" Goodword Books arms control. The concept of negative peace addresses immediate symptoms, the conditions of war, and the use and effects of force and weapons. Words and images that reveal the horror of war and its aftermath are often used by writers, artists, and citizen groups in their efforts to stop it. Table 01: Variation between negative and positive peaceDec 17, 2022 · "The biblical concept of peace… rests heavily on the Hebrew root "sh-l-m", which means to be complete or to be sound. The verb conveys both a dynamic and a static meaning—to be complete or whole or to live well. The noun had many nuances, but can be grouped into four categories: (1) shalom as wholeness of life or body (i.e., health); .

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